Dr. John Campbell

Supportive video from Dr. Dhand, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oaP5-CQP0wg&t=239s

Cannabidiol Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Promotes the Host Innate Immune Response (Preprint) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7987002/ https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abi6110 Cannabidiol (CBD) Potential regulator of the host stress and antiviral inflammatory responses (cannabinoid class of natural products) Hemp, cannabis plants, Less than 0.3% psychotropic tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Oral solution of CBD is a U.S. FDA approved drug High-purity CBD inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung epithelial cells Pretreated human lung cells (with ACE2 receptor) for 2 hours with CBD before infection with SARS-CoV-2. CBD potently inhibited viral replication under nontoxic conditions (no toxicity was observed at the effective doses) Worked in other human lung cell lines, worked in monkey kidney cells Tested on Wuhan strain and 3 VOCs Their ability to infect cells was comparably inhibited by CBD CBD or other cannabinoids? Checked 97 to 100% pure using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR). No toxicity was observed for any of the CBD preparations at the doses used to inhibit viral infection The CBD metabolite 7-OH-CBD, 7-hydroxy-cannabidiol exhibits antiviral activity Others did not work Combining CBD with THC (1:1) significantly suppressed CBD efficacy, consistent with competitive inhibition by THC. CBD and 7-OH-CBD metabolite are the active and equipotent ingredients for the treatment of epilepsy CBD acts at an early step after viral entry into cells CBD targets host cell processes. CBD inhibits viral RNA expression and reverses viral-induced changes in host gene expression CBD effectively eradicated viral RNA expression in the host cells Prevents changes in the cell produced by the virus to force the cell to produce new viral particles CBD induces strong activation of genes associated with the host stress response. Together, these results suggest that CBD acts to prevent viral protein translation and associated cellular changes. Induction of viral genes for spike, envelope, and nucleocapsid proteins is reduced ~99% with CBD CBD induction of increased transcription of 3 defensive endoplasmic reticulum genes CBD induces interferon expression as part of its antiviral activity CBD suppress viral infection, and promote degradation of viral RNA (SARS-CoV-2 infection suppresses the interferon signaling pathway) CBD sufficiently lowers the effective viral titer to enable normal host activation of the interferon pathway. CBD effectively reversed viral induction of cytokines that can lead to deadly cytokine storm CBD treatment significantly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in mice After viral the challenge, administration of CBD continued twice daily for an additional 4 days CBD treatment significantly inhibited viral replication in lungs and nasal turbinates at day 5 after infection Lower dose of CBD reduced viral load by 4.8-fold in lungs Higher dose of CBD reduced viral load by 40 -fold in lungs During this period, the mice showed no signs of clinical disease These results establish the preclinical efficacy of CBD as an antiviral drug for SARS-CoV-2 during early stages of infection. CBD is negatively associated with indications of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patient medical records Given that high-purity CBD preparations are taken by a large number of individuals, we examined whether CBD prescriptions are associated with indications of SARS-CoV-2 infection An oral solution of CBD (100 mg/ml) (CBD100) is often used for the treatment of seizures Analysis of 1,212 patients Matched to control group counterparts 6.2% (75 patients) with CDB 8.9% for non-CBD patients (P = 0.014) Odds ratio (OR) of 0.65, (P = 0.009) Odds ratio (OR) of 0.48, (P = 0.006) Potential of Cannabidiol for the Treatment of Viral Hepatitis https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Potential+of+cannabidiol+for+the+treatment+of+viral+hepatitis&author=H.+I.+Lowe&author=N.+J.+Toyang&author=W.+McLaughlin&publication_year=2017&journal=Pharm.+Res.&pages=116-118 CBD inhibited HCV replication by 86.4% (Not Hep B) Other RNA viral infections Common cold Influenza SARS / MERS Dengue Hep C and E Ebola Rabies Polio Mumps Measles

Free posters and books, https://drjohncampbell.co.uk Circulating vitamin D level and mortality in prostate cancer patients: a dose–response meta-analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30352424/ Results Higher vitamin D level could reduce the risk of death among prostate cancer patients. Association of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with prognosis of prostate cancer We conducted a dose-response meta-analysis Seven eligible cohort studies, n = 7, 808 The summary HR of prostate cancer-specific mortality An increment of every 20 nmol/L in circulating vitamin D, (20 nmol/L = 8 ng/ml) HR = 0.91, (P = 0.002) Every 20 nmol/L increment in 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was associated with a 9% lower risk of, all-cause mortality, and prostate cancer-specific mortality. Pooled HRs were stable and not obviously changed by any single study. No evidence of publications bias was observed. This meta-analysis suggested that higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was associated with a reduction of mortality in prostate cancer patients, and vitamin D is an important protective factor in the progression and prognosis of prostate cancer. Risk estimates with 95% CI for the association between 25(OH)D and prostate cancer-specific mortality. Mechanism Vit D, could cause cell cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation in several prostate cancer cell lines Protection from prostate epithelial cell lines from oxidative stress Will supplements help? Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplements on Development of Advanced Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the VITAL Randomized Clinical Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33206192/ 4,000 units (100 micrograms) day 24 of 44 subjects (55%) showed a decrease in the number of positive cores or decrease in Gleason score Prostate cancer in black Americans https://aacrjournals.org/cancerrescommun/search-results?page=1&q=African%20American%20Prostate%20Cancer%20Displays%20Quantitatively%20Distinct%20Vitamin%20D%20Receptor&SearchSourceType=1 Cancer prevention https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/diet/vitamin-d-fact-sheet Numerous epidemiologic studies have shown that higher intake or blood levels of vitamin D are associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer

With James Freeman on TNT radio, https://tntradio.live/presenters/james-freeman/ Direct link to the Freeman Report, https://tntradio.live/shows/the-freeman-report-with-james-freeman/ Today we discuss end of life care, euthanasia, informed consent, inaccurate freedom of information requests and the WHO wants more powers.

Lanarkshire Freedom of Information https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/962711/response/2295660/attach/html/3/Maternity%20statistics%20Wilkens%20March.doc.html I regret to advise that I am unable to provide you with details of the Covid-19 vaccination status for 2021 and 2022, as this information is not centrally recorded. To find this information would require a manual check of patient records. This information gathering would exceed the charging threshold prescribed in the Regulations https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/stillbirthsandmiscarriagesintheuk2022 Stillbirths and miscarriages in the UK 2022 16 December 2022, FOI Mortality statistics for England and Wales There were 2,597 stillbirths in 2021, an increase of 226 from 2020. We have not conducted analysis of stillbirths in 2022. This will be published as part of our Live Births release due in July 2023. We do hold stillbirth data up to June 22 (Quarter 2), therefore we can produce this as a bespoke data request. The analysis would be subject to legal frameworks, disclosure control, resources, and agreements of costs Miscarriages Unfortunately, we do not hold data relating to miscarriages. Therefore, this information is not held. Latest from Australia https://www.derbytelegraph.co.uk/news/health/rise-stillbirths-royal-derby-hospital-8368911 Latest from the US https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/data.html

With Mr. Danny Kruger M.P.

Symptom Prevalence (%) Sore throat 61.08 Blocked nose 56.58 Runny nose 53.77 Headache 50.17 Cough no phlegm 49.16 Sneezing 48.82 Cough with phlegm 40.83 Hoarse voice 38.58 Muscle pains aches 27.9 Altered smell 21.71 Dizzy light headed 21.26 Eye soreness 19.01 Swollen neck glands 18.79 Fatigue 18.45 Loss of smell 18.34 Earache 16.09 Chest pain tightness 13.95 Shortness of breath 13.27 Joint pain shoulders 12.6 Joint pain hips 11.25 ONS, finished 24th March 2023 https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19latestinsights/deaths UK Prevalence https://health-study.joinzoe.com One in 60

Amendments to the International Health Regulations (2005) https://apps.who.int/gb/wgihr/ https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/international-health-regulations-amendments https://www.who.int/news/item/25-02-2023-governments-hold-first-detailed-discussions-on-proposed-amendments-to-the-international-health-regulations-(2005) https://www.who.int/health-topics/international-health-regulations#tab=tab_1 WHO funding http://open.who.int/2020-21/contributors/contributor The WHO Pandemic Preparedness Treaty https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-9550/ Download the full document WHO Member States agree to develop zero draft of legally binding pandemic accord in early 2023 https://www.who.int/news/item/07-12-2022-who-member-states-agree-to-develop-zero-draft-of-legally-binding-pandemic-accord-in-early-2023

AZ vaccine https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-65321937 "unintended complications of the vaccine", an inquest has ruled. Dr. Stephen Wright, (south-east London), died 10 days after his first AZ dose in January 2021 London Inner South Coroner's Court, Senior coroner Andrew Harris found Mrs Charlotte Wright Trying to get the "natural causes" wording changed Brainstem infarction, cerebral haemorrhage, "vaccine-induced thrombosis" "It was made clear that Stephen was [previously] fit and healthy and that his death was by vaccination of AstraZeneca. For us, it allows us to be able to continue our litigation against AstraZeneca. This is the written proof." "Even with people in my life, there were questions and queries about whether I was actually telling the truth so, two years later, I can finally say it is the truth." "It provides relief but it doesn't provide closure. I think we're only going to get that when we have an answer from AstraZeneca and the government." Mrs Wright, received £120,000, government's Vaccine Damage Payment Scheme (VDPS) in August Up to 21 March 63 out of 4,178 claims paid From May 2021 AZ jab no longer offered to adults under 40 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwLQVjETp64 BBC, Lisa Shaw had first vaccination in May 2021 Died a week later. Aged 44 https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/lisa-shaw-astrazeneca-vaccine-death-bbc-b2318224. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tyne-65187992 Questions Has the yellow card report been completed retrospectively? Death certification, (UK, May 2016) https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/changes-to-the-death-certification-process/an-overview-of-the-death-certification-reforms increase transparency for bereaved families improve the quality and accuracy of medical certificates of cause of death (MCCDs) introduce medical examiners to provide a system of effective medical scrutiny applicable to all deaths that do not require a coroner’s post-mortem or inquest enable medical examiners to report matters of a clinical governance nature to support local learning and changes to practice and procedures provide information on public health surveillance requested by a Director of Public Health Proportionate, independent and consistent scrutiny All medical certificates of cause of death (MCCDs) will be confirmed by local medical examiners. A system that learns from errors and poor practise Medical examiners will have powers to report matters of patient safety to the local clinical governance team for prompt action. This will improve safety in the NHS, allowing easier identification of trends and unusual patterns, and enable local learning and changes to practise and procedures.

Lab leak, US senate report https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/04/18/coronavirus-covid-origin-wuhan-lab-us-senate-report/ The 300-page report, released to Axios Pandemic, most likely "research-related incident" in Wuhan WIV may have begun developing two Covid vaccines in November 2019 "means SARS-CoV-2 would have been present at the WIV before the known outbreak of the pandemic." Theory that Covid-19 jumped from animals to humans in a market, no longer deserved "presumption of accuracy" Advocates of natural transmission theory, "must provide clear and convincing evidence" for their argument. "The preponderance of information affirms the plausibility of a research-related incident, that was likely unintentional resulting from failures of biosafety containment during vaccine-related research." Only one place, only one time “In short, human errors, mechanical failure, animal bites, animal escapes, inadequate training, insufficient funding, and pressure for results can lead to an escape of virulent pathogens, which could, in turn, infect animals and humans and lead to a release of a virus from a lab." Richard Burr report from last October https://www.help.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/report_an_analysis_of_the_origins_of_covid-19_102722.pdf FBI Director Christopher Wray (Feb 2023) "most likely" resulted from a potential lab leak in Wuhan Department of Energy Full 300 page document https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23780776-mwg-fdr-document-04-16-23 MWG executive summary, April 16 2023 https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23780771-mwg-executive-summary-april-16-2023 Epidemiology Favors (Early) Mid October-Early November Emergence China’s official position is that the COVID-19 outbreak began no earlier than December 8, 2019. An increase in adult Influenza-Like-Illness (ILI) accompanied by negative results, statistically significantly higher than reported in the previous 5 years Eyewitness accounts, media reports, epidemiological modeling and additional academic studies, car parking, internet searches October to November 2019 “By mid-October 2019, the dedicated team at the U.S. Consulate General in Wuhan knew that the city had been struck by what was thought to be an unusually vicious flu season. The disease worsened in November.” Several researchers inside the WIV became sick in autumn 2019, loss of smell and ground-glass opacities in his lungs Precedent of Zoonotic Spillovers & Likelihood of an Animal Origin Failed animal-to-human transmissions, or “dead-end” spillovers, typically leave behind serological evidence. It would be expected that environmental samples collected from wet markets that were positive for SARS-CoV-2 would likely show evidence of animal genetic adaptation. China CDC Analyzed 1,380 samples, environment (923) animals (457) 73 SARS-CoV-2 positive environmental samples. None of the samples taken from the 18 animal species found in the market were positive for SARS- CoV-2. The three live viruses were sequenced, 99.980% to 99.993% similarity with human isolates Unlike the 2003 SARS outbreak, H7N9 influenza, (China March 2013) Multiple independent viral introductions, time and place China, no infection or positive serological sample(s) of any susceptible animal prior to the recognized outbreak. Plausibility of a Research-related Incident & Laboratory-acquired infections Professor Yusen Zhou of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS) filed a patent for a Covid-19 vaccine on February 24, 2020 “uncertainties” surrounding the death of Prof Zhou, (died spring 2020) Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) might have been selling laboratory animals for human consumption WIV, experimenting on palm civets (29 per month were sold at the 17 wet markets in Wuhan) (January 3, 2020, a professor at China Agricultural University in Beijing was sentenced for corruption, and for selling animals and animal products after laboratory experiments) Summation of Events Leading to the Pandemic EcoHealth Alliance with the WIV, Project DEFUSE: Defusing the Threat of Bat-borne Coronaviruses These experiments could create chimeric SARS-related viruses with Furin cleavage sites unknown in nature Wuhan scientists filed 13 patents to improve biosecurity in the six months before the pandemic E.g maintaining airtight seals on doors, ways of improving sterilisers and air filters Scientists were working with centrifuges that could have sprayed the virus into the air On November 19, 2019, Wuhan scientists were to attend mandatory biosecurity training Taught by official from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Session followed by remedial biosafety training course for WIV researchers Wuhan officials carried out an emergency airport drill on Sept 18, 2019, to identify passengers infected with novel coronavirus China’s National People’s Congress drafted legislation to strengthen the management of laboratories Pandemic may have been started by two spillover events, two weeks apart, minor genetic differences in early circulating strains, suggesting two lineages Mid-October to mid-November 2019 WIV collected 20,000 bat and animal samples by 2019, but did not disclose all of the viruses Before 2019, the WIV published sequences in a public database, taken offline in September 2019

Circulating Spike Protein Detected in Post-COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Myocarditis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36597886/ Background Cases of adolescents and young adults developing myocarditis, after vaccination with (SARS-CoV-2)-targeted mRNA vaccines, reported globally, underlying immunoprofiles of these individuals have not been described in detail. Methods January 2021 through February 2022 Prospectively collected blood, from 16 patients, (12 to 21 years) 13 male 12 after 2nd dose Onset 4 days post vaccination hospitalized at Massachusetts General for Children, or Boston Children's Hospital, for myocarditis Presentation Chest pain Elevated cardiac troponin T, after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We performed Extensive antibody profiling, including tests for SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral responses, and assessment for autoantibodies, or antibodies against the human-relevant virome, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell analysis, and cytokine, and SARS-CoV-2 antigen profiling. Comparator group 45 healthy, asymptomatic, age-matched vaccinated control subjects. Results, things that were the same (Between the myocarditis group and non myocarditis group) Antibody profiling IgG and IgM the same T-cell responses the same (were essentially indistinguishable) Results, things that were different (Between the myocarditis group and non myocarditis group) In the myocarditis group Modest increase in cytokine production (reminiscent of the profile seen in MIS-C) Total leukocytes, specifically neutrophils, significantly increased Markedly elevated levels of full-length spike protein, (33.9±22.4 pg/mL), unbound by antibodies, were detected in the plasma of individuals with postvaccine myocarditis, No free spike was detected in asymptomatic vaccinated control subjects (unpaired t test; P<0.0001). Why spike protein persisted? In postvaccine myocarditis, the spike protein appears to evade antibody recognition, because the anti-spike antibodies that are generated are produced in adequate quantities with normal functional and neutralization capacity. UK https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/covid-19/covid-19-vaccination/getting-a-1st-and-2nd-dose-of-the-covid-19-vaccine/

German pathology Post vaccine, post mortem blood clots Not blood clots Formed after death (incompatible with life) Blood from a living patient with acute peripheral circulation ischaemia, (after cooling the blood sample) Might be a consolidation of proteins previously dissolved in the blood Professor Arne Burkhardt (Walter Lang) https://twitter.com/ArneBurkhardt https://prabook.com/web/arne.burkhardt/42818 https://swprs.org/covid-vaccine-injuries-the-german-pathologists-findings/ Original German language presentation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLJXL3YlHKE Link page to translated version http://docs.shortxxvids.com/burkhardt_analysis.html 2nd conference on vaccine adverse events (English translation) https://odysee.com/@LongXXvids:c/Prof-Arne-Burkhardt---2nd-Vax-Injury-Conference---Part-1:1?&sunset=lbrytv Relatives turning to pathologists March 2022 onwards Suspecting deaths might be vaccine caused A disturbing and very complex histological picture 15 pathologic studies in the series so far Found patterns that can be attributed to vaccinations Methods Involved a range of other analytical specialists We have a toxicological problem before us Things have been overlooked in the past There is a poison at work which is produced in the body Which means we must look of it in the tissues Infection has been excluded Methodology test We have proved that spike protein in produced in the muscle it is injected into We are able now to prove that this can occur I almost all cells and organs the body Diffuse endothelialitis Endo thelial itis Active spike protein produced in adipose tissue Clustering around capillary endothelium (Biopsy from living patient, 8 months post vaccine) Left, swollen blood vessels with SP Right, brown stained SP with obliterative vasculitis Damage to vascular endothelium, thrombogenic exposure Foreign bodies in the lungs but not in the alveoli Also FBs found in the spleen, pancreas, heart Probably FBs are cholesterol ? Cholesterol released from atheromatous plaques Accumulation of protein, amyloid like deposits Found in tissues including the brain

Elon Musk accuses BBC of covering up vaccine side effects https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2023/04/12/elon-musk-bbc-interview-vaccine-side-effects-cover-up/ Full interview https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-us-canada-65249139 Mr. Musk Does the BBC hold itself at all responsible for misinformation regarding masking and side-effects of vaccinations and not reporting on that at all? And what about the fact that the BBC was put under pressure by the British government to change the editorial policy, are you aware of that? The BBC declined to comment on Mr Musk's claims. Mr Musk Spoken about having “major side effects” after 2nd covid vaccination Left him feeling as if he was “dying for several days.” The BBC’s liberal bubble has finally burst https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/04/13/the-bbcs-liberal-bubble-has-finally-burst/ Huge thanks to Musk for exposing the corporation’s groupthink with such forensic, dancing wit. Six things we learned from Elon Musk interview https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-65251160 In March, Twitter said it removed 400,000 accounts in one month alone to help make Twitter safer. My experience is there is less misinformation rather than more

Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine BBC, Lisa Shaw had first vaccination in May 2021 Died a week later. Aged 44 https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/lisa-shaw-astrazeneca-vaccine-death-bbc-b2318224.html https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tyne-65187992 August 2021 Newcastle coroner Karen Dilks, Ruled Lisa had died from vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Gareth Eve (widower) reached out attempted to engage with the government, MPs and three prime ministers It’s not in my make-up to turn around and say I want to sue somebody but for almost two years we’ve tried to engage with the government and tried to engage with MPs since Lisa died and not one of them has reached out or engaged with us at all. Any engagement is fleeting at best so that’s the reason that we’re left with no alternative – if the government or AstraZeneca don’t want to engage with us then what else are we supposed to do? These things have happened to too many people and we're made to feel like it's a dirty secret, that we're talking about something we shouldn't be talking about. It's established it's been caused by AstraZeneca's Covid vaccination – it's not about Covid, it's not about how many lives the Covid vaccination has saved, it's about what this vaccination has done to Lisa and other families and not about how successful it was or whether somebody is anti-vax. Mr Eve wanted some sort of acknowledgement or recognition that these deaths have occurred We’re not crackpots or conspiracy theorists, we’re husbands and wives and family members who have lost somebody – that’s all it is. Whatever the money, it’s not going to bring my son’s mam back. Consumer Protection Act 1987 Solicitor Peter Todd, Scott-Moncrieff and Associates the vaccine was a, defective product in that it was not as safe as consumers generally were reasonably entitled to expect. Department for Health and Social Care The Vaccine Damage Payments Scheme (VDPS) provides financial support to help ease the burden on individuals who have, in extremely rare circumstances, been severely disabled or died due to receiving a government-recommended vaccine. AstraZeneca told the BBC We are unable to comment on ongoing legal matters. Patient safety is our highest priority and regulatory authorities have clear and stringent standards to ensure the safe use of all medicines, including vaccines. Our sympathy goes out to anyone who has reported health problems. Evidence showed the vaccine had, an acceptable safety profile the benefits outweigh the risks of extremely rare potential side effects.

A case of fatal multi-organ inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1344622323000548 14-year-old Japanese girl Healthy and active, athletic team Died unexpectedly Two days after receiving the third dose of the BNT1262b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, (10th August 2022) Autopsy findings Congestive edema of the lungs T-cell lymphocytic and macrophage infiltration Lungs Pericardium Myocardium (left atria and left ventricle) Atrial myopericarditis Liver Kidneys Stomach Duodenum Bladder Diaphragm No preceding Infection Allergy Drug toxicity exposure Diagnosis Post-vaccination Pneumonia Myopericarditis Hepatitis Nephritis Gastroenteritis Cystitis Myositis Proximal cause of death Atrial myopericarditis probably caused fatal arrhythmia, Leading to cardiac failure and death. More details Post-vaccination myocarditis and pericarditis have been increasingly reported Male adolescents Higher incidence of pericarditis with a good prognosis Middle-aged and older patients More likely to have severe myocarditis The day after vaccination Developed a fever of 37.9 °C Some breathing difficulties The following morning Not breathing, pale appearance In cardiopulmonary arrest when paramedics arrived Resuscitated Died 45 hours after the third vaccination. After the first dose of vaccine on 12th September 2021 Arm pain without fever Day after the second dose on 3rd October 2021 Fever less than 38 °C Autopsy findings No superficial injuries were observed Heart showed no degeneration or scarring Both lungs showed severe pulmonary edema and congestion. A COVID-19 antigen quantification test, negative Numerous internal organ COVID-19 antigen tests, negative Serum, negative for adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, influenza A and B, RSV, EBV, enterovirus, parvovirus, HIV Histological findings Lymphocyte cellular infiltrates observed in the lungs, pericardium of both atria and adjacent myocardium, liver, kidneys, stomach, duodenum, and diaphragm Brain showed congestion Hippocampus a slight lymphocytic infiltrate Biochemical analysis Elevated SARS-CoV-2 antibody (43600 U/mL, normal less than 0.80) Elevated IL-6 (226 pg/mL, normal ≦4.0) Diagnosis Vaccine-related multiple-organ inflammation Vaccine-related myopericarditis, which led to severe arrythmias and progressive heart failure. Discussion However, adverse events caused by vaccines have been a problem.

In principle, no COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for spring/summer 2023. CDC You are up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/stay-up-to-date.html#children when you have completed a COVID-19 vaccine primary series, and got the most recent booster dose recommended for you by CDC. From the CDC site today (10th April) People aged 6 months through 64 years, and especially males aged 12 through 39 years, may consider getting the 2nd primary dose of Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, or Novavax 8 weeks after the 1st dose. Coronavirus: Vaccination In principle, no COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for spring/summer 2023. People at especially high risk can receive a vaccination following an individual consultation with their doctor. https://www.bag.admin.ch/bag/en/home/krankheiten/ausbrueche-epidemien-pandemien/aktuelle-ausbrueche-epidemien/novel-cov/impfen.html Is vaccination recommended for spring/summer 2023? In principle, no COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for spring/summer 2023. Nearly everyone in Switzerland has been vaccinated and/or contracted and recovered from COVID-19. Their immune system has therefore been exposed to the coronavirus. Seroprevalence data from mid-2022 98% + had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. https://urbancare.clinic/switzerland-no-longer-recommends-covid-19-vaccination-heres-why/ Seroprevalence of Infection-Induced SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies — United States, September 2021–February 2022 https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7117e3.htm In spring/summer 2023, the virus will likely circulate less. The current virus variants also cause rather mild illness. For autumn 2023, the vaccination recommendation will be evaluated again and adjusted accordingly. What applies to people at especially high risk? In principle, it is also not currently recommended for people at especially high risk to receive a COVID-19 vaccination. They can, however, receive a vaccination following an individual consultation with their doctor. Vaccination may be wise in individual cases, as it improves protection against developing severe COVID-19 for several months. This applies regardless of the number of vaccinations you have already received. People at especially high risk include:  People aged 65 or over  People aged 16 or over with a chronic condition  People aged 16 or over with Down’s syndrome  Pregnant women If a wave of infection were to emerge in spring/summer 2023, the vaccination recommendation would be adjusted. If your doctor recommends that you get the COVID-19 vaccination, the following applies: Vaccination timing The COVID-19 vaccination can be given from 6 months after the last COVID-19 vaccination or from 6 months after a known coronavirus infection. Other vaccinations with inactivated vaccines can also be administered before, at the same time as or after a COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccine We advise you to get vaccinated with a bivalent (i.e. variant-adapted) mRNA vaccine, or with the protein-based Novavax vaccine. Which vaccine(s) you have previously received is of no importance here. Please note: If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have a severely weakened immune system, you should get yourself vaccinated with an mRNA vaccine.

Re-scheduling of psilocybin and MDMA https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/publication/scheduling-decisions-final/notice-final-decision-amend-or-not-amend-current-poisons-standard-june-2022-acms-38-psilocybine-and-mdma/re-scheduling-psilocybin-and-mdma-poisons-standard-questions-and-answers On 3 February 2023, TGA Permit prescribing of MDMA for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) Psychiatrists who are specifically authorised under the TGA’s Authorised Prescriber scheme, effective from 1 July 2023. Legal psilocybin prescriptions in Canada (January 2022) https://www.drugscience.org.uk/canadians-can-now-be-legally-prescribed-psilocybin/ The SAP allows healthcare practitioners to request limited access to drugs that are not authorized for sale in Canada. https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/depression/identifying-difficult-treat-depression-differential/ Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is common Responsible for much of the burden of major depressive disorder worldwide. Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0269881116675512?url_ver=Z39.88-2003 Clinically significant anxiety and depression Common in patients with cancer Associated with poor psychiatric and medical outcomes Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Intervention Single-dose psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg), 70 Kg = 21mg in conjunction with psychotherapy. Assessed at 7 weeks Psilocybin produced immediate, substantial, and sustained improvements in anxiety and depression, and led to decreases in cancer-related demoralization and hopelessness, improved spiritual wellbeing, and increased quality of life. At the 6.5-month follow-up Psilocybin was associated with enduring anxiolytic and anti-depressant effects, 60–80% of participants continued with clinically significant reductions in depression or anxiety, sustained benefits in existential distress and quality of life, as well as improved attitudes towards death. The psilocybin-induced mystical experience mediated the therapeutic effect of psilocybin on anxiety and depression. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00957359 Change to classification of psilocybin and MDMA to enable prescribing by authorised psychiatrists https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/change-classification-psilocybin-and-mdma-enable-prescribing-authorised-psychiatrists Medicines containing the psychedelic substances psilocybin, and MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine) Only conditions, currently sufficient evidence For potential benefits in certain patients, MDMA for treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression Acknowledges the current lack of options for patients with specific treatment-resistant mental illnesses https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-02/notice-of-final-decision-to-amend-or-not-amend-the-current-poisons-standard-june-2022-acms-38-psilocybine-and-mdma.pdf Patients may be vulnerable during psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, requiring controls to protect these patients. There are currently no approved products containing psilocybin or MDMA that the TGA has evaluated for quality, safety and efficacy. However, this amendment will allow authorised psychiatrists to access and legally supply a specified ’unapproved’ medicine containing these substances to patients under their care for these specific uses.

AstraZeneca is no longer available in Australia https://www.health.gov.au/our-work/covid-19-vaccines/advice-for-providers/clinical-guidance/tts#astrazeneca-is-no-longer-available-in-australia There was a link between the AZ vaccine and a rare but serious side effect, thrombosis with thrombocytopenia (TTS) AstraZeneca is no longer available as of 20 March 2023, so no further cases of AstraZeneca-related TTS can occur in Australia. BHF (UK) https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/news/coronavirus-and-your-health/astrazeneca-covid-vaccine Evidence shows that mRNA vaccines, Pfizer and Moderna, are more effective at boosting protection from Covid-19, so these vaccines are being recommended for the autumn booster programme. In Australia, the rate of AstraZeneca-related TTS Aged 60 and over 2 per 100,000 people vaccinated with AstraZeneca Aged under 60 2 to 3 per 100,000 people vaccinated with AstraZeneca Symptoms typically occurred between 4 and 42 days after a first dose TTS can cause long-term disability and death. TTS blood clotting (thrombosis) combined with low platelets (thrombocytopenia) Blood clots can appear in different parts of the body such as the brain or abdomen No risk factors were identified that predicted who developed TTS. Cases were reported in all ages, and in both men and women. TTS appeared to be more severe in younger women. Almost all reported cases of TTS occurred after the first dose of AstraZeneca. The risk of TTS was much lower after the second dose. The Oxford/AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] vaccine) COVID-19 vaccine: what you need to know https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-oxford-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-what-you-need-to-know The vaccine is safe and effective for all individuals aged 18 and above. COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/idaps/CHADOX1%20NCOV-19 Following AstraZeneca covid vaccination https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting https://www.gov.uk/drug-safety-update/yellow-card-please-help-to-reverse-the-decline-in-reporting-of-suspected-adverse-drug-reactions 241 reports of myocarditis 226 reports of pericarditis 9 reports of endocarditis Oxford / AstraZeneca vaccine reaches two billion dose milestone https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2021-11-16-oxford-astrazeneca-vaccine-reaches-two-billion-dose-milestone 2,000,000,000 16 November 2021 https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/overview-COVID-19-vaccines.html Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen (J&J/Janssen) COVID-19 vaccine is a viral vector vaccine and can be given in some situations. Australian timeline 8 April 2021 Australian Government received advice and recommendations from the Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI) about AZ Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome 17 June 2021 ATGI, recommended an alternative to AstraZeneca for under 60s 20 March 2023 AZ discontinued

John is joined by professor Robert Clancy to discuss the current issues in immunology.