Cryptostreets

A Johns Hopkins study revealed that an enzyme in fruit fly testes could hinder insect reproduction by managing bromotyrosine accumulation, presenting a novel method for managing pests that threaten agriculture and spread diseases. A novel way to curb nagging insects has been flying under our radar—an enzyme from fruit fly testes. The compound could control bugs that carry disease and harm crops by stunting their ability to procreate, according to new research by Johns Hopkins University.

Engineers at the University of California San Diego have found that certain brain cells age faster than others and are more common in people with Alzheimer’s disease. They also noted differences in the aging of specific brain cells between sexes, with the female cortex showing a greater proportion of “old” oligodendrocytes relative to “old” neurons compared to the male cortex. The discoveries were made possible by a new technique called MUSIC (multinucleic acid interaction mapping in single cells), which allows researchers to peek inside individual brain cells and map out interactions between chromatin—which is the tightly coiled form of DNA—and RNA. This technique enables researchers to visualize these interactions at single-cell resolution, as well as study how they influence gene expression.

NASA’s James Webb Telescope discovers a distant galaxy at redshift 14.32, suggesting unexpectedly rapid galaxy formation just 290 million years after the Big Bang. Over the past two years, scientists have used NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (also called Webb or JWST) to explore what astronomers refer to as Cosmic Dawn – the period in the first few hundred million years after the Big Bang where the first galaxies were born. These galaxies provide vital insight into the ways in which the gas, stars, and black holes were changing when the universe was very young. In October 2023 and January 2024, an international team of astronomers used Webb to observe galaxies as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Using Webb’s NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph), they obtained a spectrum of a record-breaking galaxy observed only two hundred and ninety million years after the Big Bang. This corresponds to a redshift of about 14, which is a measure of how much a galaxy’s light is stretched by the expansion of the universe.

New findings from a complete porcupine skeleton in Florida reveal a much earlier origin for North American porcupines, predating the Isthmus of Panama, and suggest a mixed evolutionary lineage with traits of both North and South American species. There’s a longstanding debate simmering among biologists who study porcupines. In Central and South America, there are 16 species of porcupines, while North America has just one. Genetic data indicates that this lone North American porcupine is part of a lineage that dates back 10 million years. However, fossil records provide a contrasting narrative, suggesting that they might have evolved only 2.5 million years ago, at the beginning of the ice ages.

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Iga Swiatek has her sights set on a fourth French Open title but surprise finalist Jasmine Paolini stands in her way; you can watch Andy Murray in action at the Stuttgart Open, exclusively live on Sky Sports Tennis from June 10-16

England face Australia at T20 World Cup, live on Sky Sports on Saturday (6pm first ball); Jos Buttler's side saw opening game vs Scotland washed out, while Australia defeated Oman as Marcus Stoinis starred with bat and ball; will England recall Reece Topley?

England suffered a shock 1-0 loss to Iceland at Wembley in their final warm-up game for Euro 2024; Harry Kane failed to register a shot on target; Phil Foden among those who also struggled; England face Serbia in their tournament opener on June 16

Rivals Wigan Warriors and Warrington Wolves will battle it out for the men's Betfred Challenge Cup at Wembley on Saturday; holders St Helens face Leeds Rhinos in the Betfred Women's Challenge Cup final earlier in the day; there are plans to pay tribute to Rob Burrow following his death

Steve Clarke picks his 26-player Scotland squad for Euro 2024; Craig Gordon and John Souttar have been dropped while Lyndon Dykes and Ben Doak withdrew from the provisional group due to injury; forwards Lewis Morgan and Tommy Conway included after late call-ups

Red Bull investigating Energy Recovery System fault that sidelined Max Verstappen after just four laps in Practice Two; watch qualifying for the Canadian GP on Saturday at 9pm, with Sunday's race at 7pm - live on Sky Sports F1

Jon Dagur Thorsteinsson netted winner as Iceland beat England 1-0 at Wembley in Three Lions' final warm-up game ahead of Euro 2024; loss was greeted by boos from the home fans; England begin Euro 2024 with Group C clash with Serbia a week on Sunday

Stanford scientists have unveiled “lacrygami,” a phenomenon where Lacrymaria olor extends its structure dramatically, influenced by its cytoskeletal design, promising advances in microscopic technology. “There are some things in life you can watch and then never unwatch,” said Manu Prakash, associate professor of bioengineering at Stanford University, calling up a video of his latest fascination, the single-cell organism Lacrymaria olor, a free-living protist he stumbled upon playing with his paper Foldscope. “It’s … just … it’s mesmerizing.”

In the first quintillionth of a second, the universe may have sprouted microscopic black holes with enormous amounts of nuclear charge, according to MIT physicists. MIT researchers propose that primordial black holes, possibly a form of dark matter, could have been formed in the first moments after the Big Bang and carried high levels of a nuclear property known as color charge. These super-charged black holes, despite their brief existence, may have impacted the early universe’s cosmology and could explain some astronomical phenomena observed today.

Venezuela is the first postglacial nation in the Andes, as its last substantial patch of ice is now considered too small to flow under its own weight. Venezuela’s Humboldt Glacier has completely disappeared, marking a significant environmental change as it was the last glacier in a country historically covered by such ice formations. Satellite imagery from 2015 to 2024 documents this decline, showcasing the glacier’s reduction from about 0.1 square kilometers to nearly non-existent. This loss reflects a broader pattern of retreating tropical glaciers worldwide, exacerbated by rising global temperatures.

Researchers in San Francisco studied the transition from injecting to smoking fentanyl, finding it driven by fear of overdose and injection difficulties, yet still associated with significant risks. Individual experiences and local trends around fentanyl smoking are highlighted in a new interview-based study in San Francisco, CA. The insights provide deepening understanding of this dangerous and growing practice. Daniel Ciccarone of the University of California, San Francisco, and colleagues presented their findings on May 22, 2024, in the open-access journal PLOS ONE.

Cinnamon oil-based nanodevice effectively targets key pathogens, with potential uses in healthcare and food safety A team of researchers from the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) and the CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomaterials y Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) has created an innovative antimicrobial nanodevice utilizing cinnamaldehyde, an essential oil component from cinnamon. This “nano killer” has demonstrated considerable effectiveness in combating pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The potential applications of this technology include pathogen elimination in food products, wastewater treatment, and the management of hospital-acquired infections.

New findings reveal magnetic fields in three massive stars in the Magellanic Clouds, shedding light on the influence of magnetism on stellar evolution and the formation of neutron stars and black holes. The use of advanced spectropolarimetry techniques was crucial to overcome past observational challenges. Magnetic fields have been discovered in three massive, hot stars within our neighboring galaxies, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, for the first time. Although magnetic fields in massive stars are not new to our own galaxy, their detection in the Magellanic Clouds is particularly significant due to the abundance of young, massive stars in these galaxies. This discovery offers a rare chance to investigate actively forming stars and explore the maximum mass a star can achieve while maintaining stability.