Cell Theory: Introduction and Fertilization
In this video I go over a brief introduction into cell theory, which states that all living things are composed of one or more cells, and in multicellular organisms, every cell is derived from a single cell inside a fertilized egg. More terms and definitions covered are listed below.
Timestamps:
- Cell theory states all living things are composed of one or more cells: 0:00
- Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and can be single-celled or multicellular. Prokaryotic cells are single-celled and do not contain a nucleus: 0:56
- Every cell in a multicellular organism is derived from a single cell in a fertilized egg: 1:22
- Fertilization or impregnation is the fusion of gametes to give rise to a new organism: 1:30
- Sexual reproduction is the cycle of fertilization: 1:54
- Insemination is the introduction of sperm into a female's reproductive system: 1:59
- Pollination is the transfer of pollen (which produce gametes) from a male part of a plant to a female part: 2:06
- Gamete or sex cell is a haploid cell that fuses with another haploid cell during fertilization: 2:23
- Female is any individual that produces the larger type of gamete (ovum) and a male produces the smaller type (sperm): 2:38
- Sperm and ovum fusing: 2:57
- Ploidy is number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell: 3:00
- Sets of chromosomes refer to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies in each homologous chromosome pair: 3:13
- Somatic (non-sex) cells, tissues, individual organisms: Ploidy level: monoploid (1 set), diploid (2 sets), triploid (3 set), etc.: 3:48
- Polyploid refers to 3+ chromosome sets: 4:50
- Homologous chromosomes or homologs are a set of one maternal and paternal chromosome that pair up during fertilization: 4:59
- Haploid has 1 complete set of chromosomes for a diploid species; 2 sets for a tetraploid species: 5:27
- Haploid cells in humans have 23 chromosomes; diploid cells have 46 chromosomes: 6:20
- Haploid has 2 related definitions: a cell with half the number of chromosomes in somatic cells, and a cell with just 1 set of chromosomes, termed monoploid: 7:08
- Zygote is a eukaryotic cell formed by a fertilization event between 2 gametes: 7:33
- Zygote's genome is a combination of the DNA of each gamete: 7:44
- Egg results from fertilization of an egg cell and contains the zygote from which an embryo develops: 7:53
- Embryo is the early stage of development of a multicellular organism: 8:10
- Fetus refers to 9+ weeks after conception in humans: 8:15
- Male human embryo of 7 weeks old or 9 weeks gestational age: 8:38
- Gestational age starts from the woman's last menstrual period (LMP): 8:38
- Menstruation or period is regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the uterus through the vagina: 9:02
- Mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers internal organs: 9:28
- Uterus or womb is where the fetus develops during gestation: 9:37
- Gestation is period of development during the carrying of the embryo / fetus: 10:01
- Hormone is a signaling molecule that regulates physiology and behavior: 10:23
- Sex organ or reproductive organ is any part involved in sexual reproduction: 10:50
- Primary sex organs are testis in the male and ovary in the female: 11:04
- Secondary sex organs include external (genitals) and internal sex organs (genitals): 11:10
- Uterus and uterine tubes diagram: 11:22
- Menstrual cycle diagram. Period occurs every 21 to 35 days : 11:37
- Follicular phase: Eggs mature inside small follicles: 11:52
- Ovulation: Egg is released from biggest follicle: 12:05
- Follicle is a small cellular cavity in which other structures grows or other material is contained: 12:32
- Luteal phase: Endometrium (lining of uterus) is thick to support a pregnancy: 12:59
- Menstruation: "Period" when the endometrium is shed over 3-7 days if there is no pregnancy: 13:25
Full video below:
- #MESScience 3: Overview of Biology: https://youtu.be/WX_qzT0nZFY
- HIVE video notes: https://peakd.com/hive-128780/@mes/messcience-3-overview-of-biology
- Video sections playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLai3U8-WIK0FYO6bxFbBAtVJ9sDOJnH72
- #MESScience playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLai3U8-WIK0FjJpwnxwdrOR7L8Ul8VZoZ .
------------------------------------------------------
Become a MES Super Fan! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUUBq1GPBvvGNz7dpgO14Ow/join
DONATE! ʕ •ᴥ•ʔ https://mes.fm/donate
SUBSCRIBE via EMAIL: https://mes.fm/subscribe
MES Links: https://mes.fm/links
MES Truth: https://mes.fm/truth
Official Website: https://MES.fm
Hive: https://peakd.com/@mes
Email me: contact@mes.fm
Free Calculators: https://mes.fm/calculators
BMI Calculator: https://bmicalculator.mes.fm
Grade Calculator: https://gradecalculator.mes.fm
Mortgage Calculator: https://mortgagecalculator.mes.fm
Percentage Calculator: https://percentagecalculator.mes.fm
Free Online Tools: https://mes.fm/tools
iPhone and Android Apps: https://mes.fm/mobile-apps
-
24:40
FGP
6 months agoEgg Vitrification: Exploring The Social & Psychological Impacts Of Egg Freezing
61 -
1:11
Cryptostreets
22 days agoThe Contractile Forces of Life: New Discovery Reshapes Our Understanding of Embryo Formation
22 -
1:54
HetHet - Computing Humans
1 month agoMicroscopic Structures Are Becoming More Complex - Another Human-Kind Grows Inside People
192 -
17:02
Declarations of Truth
1 month agoBiology, the Supreme Court, and truth
153 -
4:47
FanaticVoyage
1 month agoLight vs Dark field Microscopy - Pfizer Covid-19 mRNA Coronavirus Vaccine Show Micromachines at Work
1895 -
1:54
Short scientific videos
1 month agoMicroscopic Structures Are Becoming More Complex - Another Human-Kind Grows Inside People
183 -
29:21
Living a Culture of Life Podcast | Human Life International
6 months agoContraception and IVF are the SAME SIN
33 -
3:35
FanaticVoyage
1 month agoPolicy Horizons Canada - Biodigital Convergence, Virtual Wards And Synthetic Biology - Part 2
127 -
2:31:57
FanaticVoyage
1 month agoPFIZER-DARPA-DOD GENE EDITING PROGRAM AND MUCH MORE
1453 -
1:32:48
MidnightTruther
1 month agoGenetically modified organisms
78